Effect of incidence and size of graphite particle on the formation of graphene on Ni surfaces

AV Pham and TH Fang and V Nguyen and TH Chen, VACUUM, 187, 110092 (2021).

DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2021.110092

In this paper, we surveyed the effect of graphite thickness, impact velocity, substrate temperature, angle tilt of particle, incident angle, and Ni crystalline faces on the formation of graphene flakes, temperature, von Mises stress, and deformation. In the deposition process, graphene flakes are formed due to the impaction and attaching between the Ni substrate and graphite particles. The results reveal that there is a critical impact velocity leading to the graphene flakes that separated from the graphite particle and attached to the Ni substrate. The critical impact velocity decreases as increasing the thickness of graphite particles from 9 to 18 layers. In addition, the substrate temperature of the impact region and numbers of deposited graphene layers rise with the impact velocity increases. Notably, the elastic and plastic deformations of Ni substrate happen in the deposition process with high impact velocity. Furthermore, some dislocations are formed during and after the impact of the particle. The high-stress regions concentrate in the deposited graphene flakes and interfacial zone. The deposited graphene layer on Ni(001) creates a more stable structure than on surfaces Ni(111) and Ni(110). The graphene layer is successfully formed in the deposition process at an angle tilt from 0? to 10?.

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