Morphology engineering of biomass-derived porous carbon from 3D to 2D towards boosting capacitive charge storage capability

BC Xue and JH Xu and Y Feng and MY Ma and R Xiao and XF Wang, JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE, 642, 736-746 (2023).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.200

Carbon morphology significantly affects the capacitive performance of porous carbons. Biomass-derived por-ous carbons are usually restricted by inferior capacitive performance owing to their inherently three- dimensional (3D) blocked morphologies. Fabricating two-dimensional (2D) sheet-like morphology is expected to expose more inner space for better electrochemical performance, however, it needs to overcome the self -aggregation of biomass. The comprehensive understanding of how 2D morphology boosts capacitive perfor-mance remains challenging. Herein, we provide a morphology-regulating strategy to prepare 2D and 3D por-ous carbons and investigate the morphology effect on charge storage capability via both experimental data and theoretical simulations. 2D carbon exhibits better capacitance than 3D carbon in both electric double-layer capacitors (254 versus 211 F g-1) and zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (320 versus 232 F g-1), because the 2D carbon morphology not only improves the pore accessibility for higher double-layer capacitance, but also facilitates the exposure of active functional groups for more pseudocapacitance. Moreover, 2D morphology shortens pore length, leading to better anti-self-discharge capability. This study is beneficial to understanding the relationship between carbon morphology and capacitive performance and provides a facile strategy to upgrade biomass-derived porous carbons via morphology engineering. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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