Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of dynamically-compressed copper up to 1 terapascal

H Sio and A Krygier and DG Braun and RE Rudd and SA Bonev and F Coppari and M Millot and DE Fratanduono and N Bhandarkar and M Bitter and DK Bradley and PC Efthimion and JH Eggert and L Gao and KW Hill and R Hood and W Hsing and N Izumi and G Kemp and B Kozioziemski and OL Landen and K Le Galloudec and TE Lockard and A Mackinnon and JM Mcnaney and N Ose and HS Park and BA Remington and MB Schneider and S Stoupin and DB Thorn and S Vonhof and CJ Wu and Y Ping, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 14, 7046 (2023).

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42684-7

Large laser facilities have recently enabled material characterization at the pressures of Earth and Super-Earth cores. However, the temperature of the compressed materials has been largely unknown, or solely relied on models and simulations, due to lack of diagnostics under these challenging conditions. Here, we report on temperature, density, pressure, and local structure of copper determined from extended x-ray absorption fine structure and velocimetry up to 1 Terapascal. These results nearly double the highest pressure at which extended x-ray absorption fine structure has been reported in any material. In this work, the copper temperature is unexpectedly found to be much higher than predicted when adjacent to diamond layer(s), demonstrating the important influence of the sample environment on the thermal state of materials; this effect may introduce additional temperature uncertainties in some previous experiments using diamond and provides new guidance for future experimental design. Dynamic compression experiments enable material studies in regimes relevant for planetary science, but temperature is difficult to measure in these challenging conditions. Here, the authors report on temperature, density, pressure, and structure of dynamically compressed Cu up to 1 TPa determined from extended x-ray absorption fine structure and velocimetry.

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